Cybersecurity Notes intermediate

System Hacking Overview

Goals of system hacking — gaining access, privilege escalation, persistence and log clearing — plus where credential hashes come from.

Updated Aug 23, 2026 1 min read 21 views
#CEH#System Hacking#PrivEsc#Persistence
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System hacking covers what happens after a target is discovered, scanned and enumerated: gaining access, escalating privileges, maintaining persistence and clearing tracks. Credential material is the most common path from foothold to full compromise, so this page also carries a complete educational reference on password hashing and hash analysis.

Important

Everything on this page is documentation for authorised labs, CTFs and engagements with written permission. Nothing here performs cracking, recovers passwords, or acts as an online cracking service.

System Hacking Goals

PhaseObjectiveTypical Output
Gaining accessTurn a vulnerability or credential into a shellLow-privileged session
Privilege escalationMove from user to root / SYSTEMAdministrative session
Maintaining accessSurvive reboots and defender actionPersistence mechanism
Clearing logsReduce forensic footprintAudit trail gaps

Where Hashes Come From

  • Windows — local SAM database, LSASS memory, NTDS.dit on domain controllers.
  • Linux/etc/shadow, application databases, backup archives.
  • Applications — user tables in web app databases, config files, API stores.
  • Network captures — NetNTLMv1 / NetNTLMv2 challenge–response material, Kerberos AS-REP / TGS tickets.